سلسلة "الخلافة والإمامة في الفكر الإسلامي" للكاتب والمفكر ثائر سلامة – أبو مالك
سلسلة "الخلافة والإمامة في الفكر الإسلامي" للكاتب والمفكر ثائر سلامة – أبو مالك

الخلافة: الإمامة الكبرى، والرئاسة التامة وإذا تأملنا في واقع الخلافة نرى أنها التجسيد العملي لولاية الأمر، أي أمر تنفيذ الأحكام، كل الأحكام والتي جمعها الشارع تحت مسمى "الأمر" ﴿ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ [الجاثية: 18]، وسمى المتصرف بها "ولي الأمر"، ﴿أَطِيعُواْ اللّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ الرَّسُولَ وَأُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ﴾ [النساء: 59]، وجعله مسئولا عن تنفيذ تلك الأحكام، ببيعة الأمة له على ذلك التنفيذ، وطاعتها له، فالخليفة هو الإمام الأكبر، وولي الأمر، والخلافة هي الإمامة الكبرى[1]، والرئاسة التامة الكاملة العامة، فإن هذا يبين لماذا نقول بأنها الفرض الحافظ للفروض، أو تاج الفروض! فجل الواجبات متوقف عليها لا يوجد إلا بوجودها! فإذا كان الخليفة هو الإمام الأكبر، والخلافة هي الإمامة الكبرى فإن فرض إيجادها هو من أعظم الفروض!

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March 20, 2022

سلسلة "الخلافة والإمامة في الفكر الإسلامي" للكاتب والمفكر ثائر سلامة – أبو مالك

سلسلة "الخلافة والإمامة في الفكر الإسلامي"

للكاتب والمفكر ثائر سلامة – أبو مالك

الحلقة العاشرة: توقف إقامة وتطبيق جل أحكام الشريعة الغراء (الأمر) عليها، وتولي (ولي الأمر) ذلك التطبيق

للرجوع لصفحة الفهرس اضغط هنا

الخلافة: الإمامة الكبرى، والرئاسة التامة

وإذا تأملنا في واقع الخلافة نرى أنها التجسيد العملي لولاية الأمر، أي أمر تنفيذ الأحكام، كل الأحكام والتي جمعها الشارع تحت مسمى "الأمر" ﴿ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاء الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ﴾ [الجاثية: 18]، وسمى المتصرف بها "ولي الأمر"، ﴿أَطِيعُواْ اللّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ الرَّسُولَ وَأُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ﴾ [النساء: 59]، وجعله مسئولا عن تنفيذ تلك الأحكام، ببيعة الأمة له على ذلك التنفيذ، وطاعتها له، فالخليفة هو الإمام الأكبر، وولي الأمر، والخلافة هي الإمامة الكبرى[1]، والرئاسة التامة الكاملة العامة، فإن هذا يبين لماذا نقول بأنها الفرض الحافظ للفروض، أو تاج الفروض! فجل الواجبات متوقف عليها لا يوجد إلا بوجودها! فإذا كان الخليفة هو الإمام الأكبر، والخلافة هي الإمامة الكبرى فإن فرض إيجادها هو من أعظم الفروض!

وَأُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ:

قال في القاموس المحيط: الأَمْرُ: ضِدُّ النَّهْيِ، وآمَرَه فَأْتَمَرَ، وـ: الحادِثَةُ، ج: أُمورٌ، ومَصْدَرُ أمَرَ علينا، مُثَلَّثَة: إذا وَلِيَ، الإمْرَةُ، بالكسر. وقولُ الجوهريِّ: مَصْدَرٌ، وهَمٌ. وله عَليَّ أَمْرَةٌ مُطاعةٌ، بالفتح للمَرَّةِ منه، أي: له عَلَيَّ أَمْرَةٌ أُطيعُهُ فيها. والأميرُ: المَلِكُ، وهي بِهاءٍ، بَيِّنُ الإمارَةِ، ويفتحُ، ج: أُمَراءُ، والمُؤمَّرُ، كمُعَظَّمٍ: المُمَلَّكُ، والمُحَدَّدُ،.. وأُولُو الأَمْرِ: الرُّؤَساءُ، والعلماءُ. إ.هـ.

قال ابن عاشور في التحرير والتنوير: وقال الراعي (النميري) يخاطب عبد الملك بن مروان[2]:

أَوَليَّ أمرِ اللَّه إنا مَعشر   حُنفاء نسجد بكرة وأصيلاً  

إ.هـ. 

يؤلف الشرع مجموع الأوامر والنواهي التي نزلت على الأمة لتسوس حياتها بها، وقد أطلق الشارع عليها اسم: الأمر، من باب وجوب الطاعة والانقياد لها، من هنا أمر الرعية بطاعة أولي الأمر والانقياد لهم، وقد يكون الأمر بمعنى الحوادث، فأولو الأمر يستنبطون الأحكام المتعلقة بالحوادث، ويرعون الشؤون بناء على هذه الأوامر والنواهي، فارتباط كلمة أولي الأمر بالسياسة جد وثيق، وأمتن منه عروة، أن السياسة هذه إنما تكون بإنزال أحكام الله على الوقائع والحوادث، ليسوس الناس حياتهم وفق نظام الإسلام، من هنا كان الارتباط بين الدين أي الشرع والسياسة ارتباطا عضويا لا ينفصم إلا عند من جهل.

وفي حديث أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه الذي رواه أحمد: «ثلاثٌ لا يغلُّ عَلَيْهِنَّ صَدْرُ مُسْلِمٍ: إخلاصُ العَمَلِ لله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَمُناصَحَةُ أولي الأمْرِ، وَلُزُومُ جماعَةِ المُسْلِمِينَ، فإنَّ دَعْوَتَهُمْ تُحِيطُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ» قال ابن حجر في فتح الباري: قوله: (باب ﴿أَطِيعُواْ اللّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ الرَّسُولَ وَأُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ﴾ ذوي الأمر، كذا لأبي ذر ولغيره ﴿أُوْلِي الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ﴾ ذوي الأمر، وهو تفسير أبي عبيدة قال ذلك في هذه الآية وزاد: والدليل على ذلك أن واحدها ذو أي واحدُ أولي لأنها لا واحد لها من لفظها. إ.هـ. قال ابن منظور في اللسان: قال ابن سيده: ومن خفـيف هذا الباب أُولو بمعنى ذَوو لا يُفْرد له واحد ولا يتكلـم به إِلا مضافاً، كقولك أُولو بأْس شـديـد وأُولو كرم، كأَنَّ واحده أُل، والواو للـجمع، أَلا ترى أَنها تكون فـي الرفع واواً فـي النصب والـجر ياء؟ وقوله عز وجل: ﴿وَأُوْلِي﴾ ﴿الأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ﴾؛... وجملة أُولـي الأَمر من الـمسلمين من يقوم بشأْنهم فـي أَمر دينهم وجميع ما أَدّى إِلـى صلاحهم. إ.هـ.  وقال الماوردي في الأحكام السلطانية: وفي أولي الأمر تأويلان: أحدهما أنهم الأمراء، وهذا قول ابن عباس رضوان الله عليهما. والثاني أنهم العلماء، وهذا قول جابر بن عبد الله والحسن وعطاء؛ وروى أبو صالح عن أبي هريرة قال: قال رسول الله ‏ﷺ: «من أطاعني فقد أطاع الله، ومن أطاع أميري فقد أطاعني، ومن عصاني فقد عصى الله، ومن عصى أميري فقد عصاني». إ.هـ. قال ابن حجر: ورجح الشافعي الأول (أي أنهم الحكام) واحتج له بأن قريشا كانوا لا يعرفون الإمارة ولا ينقادون إلى أمير، فأمروا بالطاعة لمن ولي الأمر، ولذلك قال ‏ﷺ «من أطاع أميري فقد أطاعني» متفق عليه، إ.هـ.  فترتيب الطاعة لأمرهم الذي يصدر عنهم ينبيك أن الأرجح فيها أنهم الحكام، وإن كان اللفظ جاء على الجمع فقال: وأولي الأمر، ولم يقل وولي الأمر، فإن الأمر يليه الخليفة ومن تحته جهاز حكم لكل فيه اختصاصه من الأمر، ومنهم الولاة على الأمصار لهم الطاعة، ومنهم الخلفاء على مر الزمان يتعاقبون، والرسول ﷺ حين أرسل حذيفة على سرية أمرهم بطاعته، على أن آيات أخرى تكلمت في أولي الأمر، والراجح أنهم العلماء في تلك الآية، ولم تقرنها بالطاعة، كقوله تعالى: ﴿وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ ٱلأمْنِ أَوِ ٱلْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِۦۖ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ وَإِلَىٰۤ أُوْلِى ٱلأمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسْتَنِبطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْۗ وَلَوْلا فَضْلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُۥ لاتَّبَعْتُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنَ إِلا قَلِيلا﴾.


[1] والخليفة يأخذ الزكاة ليضعها في مصارفها، ويحفظ الأمن ويكون جُنَّةً للأمة، ويقيم الأنظمة السياسية التي ترعى شئون الأمة، الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والقضاء والعقوبات والسياسات التعليمية والمالية والإعلامية والحربية وما إلى ذلك،

[2] وقال في قصيدته: "أوَليَّ أمْرِ اللـهِ إنَّ عَشِيرَتِي  أمْسَى سَوَامُهُمُ عِزِينَ فُلُولاَ."

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Reflections on the book: "Elements of the Islamic Psyche" - Episode Fifteen

Reflections on the book: "Elements of the Islamic Psyche"

Prepared by Professor Muhammad Ahmad Al-Nadi

Episode Fifteen

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Imam of the pious, the Master of the Messengers, sent as a mercy to the worlds, our master Muhammad and all his family and companions. Make us with them, and gather us in their company, by your mercy, O Most Merciful of the merciful.

Dear listeners, listeners of the Media Office Radio of Hizb ut-Tahrir:

Peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you. In this episode, we continue our reflections on the book: "Elements of the Islamic Psyche." In order to build the Islamic personality, with attention to the Islamic mentality and the Islamic psyche, we say, with God's help: 

O Muslims:

We said in the last episode: It is also Sunnah for a Muslim to supplicate for his brother behind his back, just as it is Sunnah for him to ask his brother to supplicate for him. It is Sunnah for him to visit him, sit with him, keep in touch with him, and share with him for the sake of God after loving him. It is recommended for a Muslim to meet his brother with what he likes to please him with that. We add in this episode and say: It is recommended for a Muslim to give gifts to his brother, according to the hadith of Abu Hurairah, which was reported by Bukhari in Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, Abu Ya'la in his Musnad, Al-Nasa'i in Al-Kuna, and Ibn Abd Al-Barr in Al-Tamhid. Al-Iraqi said: The chain of narrators is good, and Ibn Hajar said in Al-Talkhis Al-Habir: Its chain of narrators is good, he said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Exchange gifts, you will love one another." 

It is also recommended for him to accept his gift and reward him for it, according to the hadith of Aisha in Bukhari, who said: "The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, used to accept gifts and reward for them."

And the hadith of Ibn Umar in Ahmad, Abu Dawood, and Al-Nasa'i, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever seeks refuge in God, grant him refuge, and whoever asks you in the name of God, give him, and whoever seeks protection in God, protect him, and whoever does you a favor, reward him, and if you do not find anything, then supplicate for him until you know that you have rewarded him."

This is between brothers, and it has nothing to do with the gifts of the subjects to the rulers, as they are like bribery, which is forbidden. And one of the rewards is to say: May God reward you with good. 

Al-Tirmidhi narrated from Usama bin Zaid, may God be pleased with them both, and said it is good and authentic, he said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever has a favor done to him and says to the one who did it: "May God reward you with good," then he has exaggerated in the praise." And praise is gratitude, i.e., reward, especially from someone who finds nothing else, as Ibn Hibban narrated in his Sahih from Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: I heard the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, say: "Whoever is given a favor and does not find anything better than praise for it, then he has thanked him, and whoever conceals it has disbelieved, and whoever adorns himself with falsehood is like one who wears two garments of falsehood." And with a good chain of narrators, Al-Tirmidhi narrated from Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever is given a gift and finds something to repay it with, let him repay it, and if he does not find anything, let him praise it, for whoever praises it has thanked him, and whoever conceals it has disbelieved, and whoever adorns himself with what he has not been given is like one who wears two garments of falsehood." And disbelieving in the gift means concealing and covering it up. 

With an authentic chain of narrators, Abu Dawood and Al-Nasa'i narrated from Anas, who said: "The Muhajirun said, "O Messenger of God, the Ansar have taken all the reward, we have not seen a people who are better at giving a lot, nor better at consoling in a little than them, and they have spared us the burden," he said: "Do you not praise them for it and supplicate for them?" They said: "Yes," he said: "That is for that." 

A Muslim should be grateful for the little as he is grateful for the much, and be grateful to the people who do him good, as Abdullah bin Ahmad narrated in his additions with a good chain of narrators from Al-Nu'man bin Bashir, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever is not grateful for the little, is not grateful for the much, and whoever is not grateful to the people, is not grateful to God, and talking about God's blessings is gratitude, and leaving it is disbelief, and the group is mercy, and division is torment."

It is Sunnah to intercede for one's brother for a benefit of righteousness or to facilitate a difficulty, as Al-Bukhari narrated from Abu Musa, who said: "The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, was sitting when a man came asking, or seeking a need, he turned his face to us and said, "Intercede, so that you may be rewarded, and God will decree on the tongue of His Prophet what He wills."

And as Muslim narrated from Ibn Umar from the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said: "Whoever is a connection for his Muslim brother to a person of authority for a benefit of righteousness or to facilitate a difficulty, will be helped to cross the Path on the day when feet slip."

It is also recommended for a Muslim to defend the honor of his brother behind his back, as Al-Tirmidhi narrated and said this is a good hadith from Abu Al-Darda' from the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said: "Whoever defends the honor of his brother, God will ward off the fire from his face on the Day of Resurrection." This hadith of Abu Al-Darda' was narrated by Ahmad, and he said its chain of narrators is good, and Al-Haythami said the same. 

And what Ishaq bin Rahwayh narrated from Asma bint Yazid, who said: I heard the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, say: "Whoever defends the honor of his brother behind his back, it is a right upon God to free him from the Fire." 

Al-Quda'i narrated in Musnad al-Shihab from Anas, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever supports his brother behind his back, God will support him in this world and the hereafter." Al-Quda'i also narrated it from Imran bin Hussein with the addition: "And he is able to support him." And as Abu Dawood and Al-Bukhari narrated in Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, and Al-Zain Al-Iraqi said: Its chain of narrators is good from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said: "The believer is the mirror of the believer, and the believer is the brother of the believer, from wherever he meets him, he protects him from his loss and surrounds him from behind."

O Muslims:

You have learned from the noble Prophetic hadiths mentioned in this episode and the previous episode that it is Sunnah for whoever loves a brother for the sake of God to inform him and let him know that he loves him. It is also Sunnah for a Muslim to supplicate for his brother behind his back. It is also Sunnah for him to ask his brother to supplicate for him. It is Sunnah for him to visit him, sit with him, keep in touch with him, and share with him for the sake of God after loving him. It is recommended for a Muslim to meet his brother with what he likes to please him with that. It is recommended for a Muslim to give gifts to his brother. It is also recommended for him to accept his gift and reward him for it.

A Muslim should be grateful to the people who do him good. It is Sunnah to intercede for one's brother for a benefit of righteousness or to facilitate a difficulty. It is also recommended for him to defend the honor of his brother behind his back. So why don't we adhere to these Sharia rulings and all the rulings of Islam, so that we may be as our Lord loves and is pleased with, so that He may change what is within us, improve our conditions, and we may win the best of this world and the hereafter?! 

Dear listeners: Listeners of the Media Office Radio of Hizb ut-Tahrir: 

We will suffice with this amount in this episode, with the understanding that we will complete our reflections in the coming episodes, God willing. Until that time and until we meet you, we leave you in God's care, protection, and security. We thank you for your kind listening, and peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you. 

Know, O Muslims! - Episode 15
November 14, 2025

Know, O Muslims! - Episode 15

Know, O Muslims!

Episode 15

Among the assisting bodies of the Khilafah state are the ministers whom the Caliph appoints to assist him in bearing the burdens of the Khilafah and fulfilling its responsibilities. The multitude of the Khilafah's burdens, especially as the Khilafah state grows and expands, makes it difficult for the Caliph to bear them alone, so he needs someone to help him bear them to fulfill its responsibilities. However, it is not correct to call them ministers without restriction, so that the meaning of the minister in Islam, which is in the sense of an assistant, is not confused with the meaning of the minister in the current man-made systems based on democratic, capitalist, secular, or other systems that we witness in the present era.